ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ
Β
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ’ (ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°).
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅, Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΡ, Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ / Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ , Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ , Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ .
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ Β«Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Β», ΠΎΠ½ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ.
Π‘ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ:
- ΡΠ·Π²Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, 12-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
- Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅
- Ρ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ, Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΈ
- ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ. Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ (ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈ)
- Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² . ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΈ
- ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ·. ΠΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ . ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ
- Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ
- ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ. ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈ, Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³
- ΠΊΠΈΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ
- Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ
- Π΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ 12-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠ°)
- ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ (Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°).
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ β Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³. Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½, ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ² Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ. Π£ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·Ρ, Π³Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
- Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ)
- ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°)
- ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ).
ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ β ΠΠΠ Π, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄.
ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ , ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ (Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²). ΠΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ β Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ.
Π ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°, Π²Π·Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅, Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΡ, Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅:
- Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΡ
- ΠΎΡΡΡΠΆΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΅Π΄Ρ, Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ β Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
- Π·Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΡ
- ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΅Π΄Ρ
- ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Π΅Π΄Ρ
- ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°
- ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ
- ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ
- ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ.
ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°
Π§ΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³? Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ:
- Π²ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²
- ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
- Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠΉ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΉ, Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ) ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²
- Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π° ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Ρ). ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
- Π£ΠΠ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
- ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ (Π€ΠΠΠ‘)
- ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°, 12-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π€ΠΠΠ‘ (Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ)
- ΠΠ’ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ
- ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ·Π²Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»Ρ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π°, ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ: ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²Ρ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³.
ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ β Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³
ΠΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ, Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΠΠ’ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ.
ΠΠ½ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ: Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ·Π²Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ, Π΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ β Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ:
- ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΎΡΡΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ
- ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅
- ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ
- ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²
- ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°
- ΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π²ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ/ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ°, Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ: ΠΊΠ°Π» (Π½Π° ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·), ΠΠΠ, Π£ΠΠ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ.
ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅.
ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³
Β© 2019 β 2020. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ’).
Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ: ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ·Π²Π°. Π‘Π»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅: Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅, Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ?
ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ: ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³? ΠΠ± ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Ρ Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅. Π Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Β«Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΒ». ΠΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ, Π° Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ.
Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ:
- Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅,
- ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ,
- ΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°,
- ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΆΠΊΠ°,
- Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°,
- ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π° Π²ΠΎ ΡΡΡ,
- ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°,
- ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ,
- ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ: ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΠΠ’.
Π‘Π°ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΠΠ’
Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ: ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³? ΠΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅:
- ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ·Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ.
- Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΠΡΠΎΠ½Π°.
- ΠΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
- Π Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡ.
Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Ρ Π·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°:
- ΠΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ.
- ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Π² ΠΠΠ’, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΡ.
ΠΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ?
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ +7(495)003-25-41. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ.ΠΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°
ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠ°Π²Π°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³:
- Π‘ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ±Ρ. ΠΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ , Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ , ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ½ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ -Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, Π° ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ.
- ΠΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ.
ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ:
- ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ.
- ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Ρ.
- ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·.
- ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°.
- Π£ΠΠ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
- Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°.
- ΠΠ Π’.
- ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π’Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ.
Π§ΡΠΎ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ?
Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ β Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ:
- Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 8 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
- ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
- ΠΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΊ.
- Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΡΡ.
- ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ.
- ΠΡΠ»ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π΅.
- ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»Ρ.
- ΠΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΊΡ, ΡΠΎ Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΠΠ’ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅.
ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡΡ β ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ

ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΡΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π² Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ, Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ 19 Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²: Β«ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΒ», Β«ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β». ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ’ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ 8:30 Π΄ΠΎ 20:00, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ —Β ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°. Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΒ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ° ΡΒ ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅Β ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ Π²Β Π―Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅.
Π Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ uΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³e ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²Ρ (ΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡ), Π³ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ: ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ? Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°. ΠΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, Π΄ΠΎ 95% Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅:
- ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ, Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ·Π²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄.)
- ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ
- Π‘Π΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ (ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΡΡ)
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ (Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ.)
- ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡ)
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ. Π ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ: Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ»Π°, ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ.
ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ’ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΌ (ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ), ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ β ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·: ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° (ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π°), ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠΉ Π½Π°Π»Π΅Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π²Π·ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ: ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ. Π ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ-Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ
ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π²ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ±Ρ, Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ β ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ³Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·. ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡ Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°: ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ (ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅) ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ°).
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ: ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊ, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ.
Π‘Π°ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΌ: Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ).
ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ’, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, Π·Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π· Π² 2-3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Β ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ , Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Β«ΠΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠΌΡΠΊΒ».ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡ Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ΄ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. Π Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° (ΠΠΠ) ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ.
Π§ΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ?
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ½Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ° Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅:
- ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²
- Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ
- ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²
- ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
- ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³?
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ , Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ:
- ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ±Π°
- ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ
- ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠ°
- ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠ°
- ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°
- ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ
- ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ
- ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ
Π§ΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ 3-Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ 2-3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ.
Π‘ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³:
- Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
- ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π‘ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ?
Π Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ:
- ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
- Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅
- ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°
- ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°
- Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ΅Ρ
- Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ
- ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π°
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ?
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ:
- ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ
- ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ
- Π³Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ
- Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
- ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ°Π³Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ (ΠΠΠ Π)
- Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡ
- ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΆΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° (Π‘Π Π)
- ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ?
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΠ΅, Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π·Π°Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΎΡ, Π²Π½ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ½ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ:
- ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΆΠΎΠ³Π°
- ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°
- ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
- Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅
- Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΡ Π² ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π° Π½Π΅ Π² ΡΠΎΡ.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ.
ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ:
- ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ
- ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°
- ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ β ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Ρ, Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ 30% ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Ρ , ΠΊΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 50 Π»Π΅Ρ Π² Π‘ΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π¨ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ .
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ², Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
Π Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°
- ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
- ΠΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΡ, ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠ² Π΅Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΡ.
- Π‘Π»ΠΎΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΠΊ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ.
90000 What is a Gastroenterologist? — American College of Gastroenterology 90001 90002 What is a Gastroenterologist? 90003 90004 A Gastroenterologist is a physician with dedicated training management of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. 90005 90006 What is Gastroenterology? 90007 90008 Gastroenterology is the study of the normal function and diseases of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and rectum, pancreas, gallbladder, bile ducts and liver. It involves a detailed understanding of the normal action (physiology) of the gastrointestinal organs including the movement of material through the stomach and intestine (motility), the digestion and absorption of nutrients into the body, removal of waste from the system, and the function of the liver as a digestive organ.It includes common and important conditions such as colon polyps and cancer, hepatitis, gastroesophageal reflux (heartburn), peptic ulcer disease, colitis, gallbladder and biliary tract disease, nutritional problems, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), and pancreatitis. In essence, all normal activity and disease of the digestive organs is part of the study of Gastroenterology. 90009 90006 Training 90007 90008 A Gastroenterologist must first complete a three-year Internal Medicine residency and is then eligible for additional specialized training (fellowship) in Gastroenterology.This fellowship is generally 2-3 years long so by the time Gastroenterologists have completed their training, they have had 5-6 years of additional specialized education following medical school. 90009 90008 Gastroenterology fellowship training is an intense, rigorous program where future Gastroenterologists learn directly from nationally recognized experts in the field and develop a detailed understanding of gastrointestinal diseases. They learn how to evaluate patients with gastrointestinal complaints, treat a broad range of conditions, and provide recommendations to maintain health and prevent disease.They learn to care for patients in the office as well as in the hospital. 90009 90008 Gastroenterologists also receive dedicated training in endoscopy (upper endoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy) by expert instructors. Endoscopy is the use of narrow, flexible lighted tubes with built-in video cameras, to visualize the inside of the intestinal tract. This specialized training includes detailed and intensive study of how and when to perform endoscopy, optimal methods to complete these tests safely and effectively, and the use of sedating medications to ensure the comfort and safety of patients.Gastroenterology trainees also learn how to perform advanced endoscopic procedures such as polypectomy (removalof colon polyps), esophageal and intestinal dilation (stretching of narrowed areas), and hemostasis (injection or cautery to stop bleeding). Importantly, Gastroenterologists learn how to properly interpret the findings and biopsy results of these studies in order to make appropriate recommendations to treat conditions and / or prevent cancer. Some Gastroenterologists also receive directed training in advanced procedures using endoscopes such as endoscopic biliary examination (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or ERCP), removal of tumors without surgery (endoscopic mucosal resection or EMR), placement of internal drainage tubes (stents) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS ).This provides them with the training necessary to non-surgically remove stones in the bile ducts, evaluate and treat tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, and provide minimally invasive alternatives to surgery for some patients. 90009 90008 The most critical emphasis during the training period is attention to detail and incorporation of their comprehensive knowledge of the entire gastrointestinal tract to provide the highest quality endoscopy and consultative services. The final product is a highly trained specialist with a unique combination of broad scientific knowledge, general Internal Medicine training, superior endoscopic skills and experience, and the ability to integrate these elements to provide optimal health care for patients.90009 90008 This advanced fellowship training is overseen by national societies committed to ensuring high quality and uniform education. These groups include the American Board of Internal Medicine, the American College of Gastroenterology, the American Gastroenterological Association, and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. These groups carefully scrutinize the educational experience of each program to ensure that every Gastroenterology trainee receives the highest quality training.Once fellows successfully complete their training they are considered «Board Eligible.» They are then qualified to take the Gastroenterology board certification test administered by the American Board of Internal Medicine. Once they have successfully completed this examination they are «Board Certified.» 90009 90006 FACG, FACP — What do all the letters after your doctor’s name mean? 90007 90008 Some Gastroenterologists receive special recognition from national societies when they demonstrate extraordinary achievement in research, teaching, or other unique service to the field of Gastroenterology.The American College of Gastroenterology and the American College of Physicians designate such physicians as «Fellows» and the suffixes FACG and FACP are added to denote these honors. This means that these physicians have fulfilled the respective organizations ‘rigorous requirements to gain this added distinction. 90009 90006 What makes Gastroenterologists different? 90007 90008 The unique training that Gastroenterologists complete provides them with the ability to provide high quality, comprehensive care for patients with a wide variety of gastrointestinal ailments.Gastroenterologists perform the bulk of research involving gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures as well as the interpretation of results, and are considered experts in the field. Studies have shown that Gastroenterologists perform higher quality colonoscopy examinations and comprehensive consultative services when compared to other physicians. This translates into more accurate detection of polyps and cancer by colonoscopy when performed by Gastroenterologists, fewer complications from procedures and fewer days in the hospital for many gastrointestinal conditions managed by trained gastroenterology specialists.It is this ability to provide more complete, accurate, and thorough care for patients with gastrointestinal conditions, which distinguishes Gastroenterologists from other physicians that provide some similar services. 90009 .90000 What Is a Gastroenterologist? 90001 90002 Gastroenterology is an area of ββmedicine that focuses on the health of the digestive system, or the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastroenterologists can treat everything from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to hepatitis C. Here’s a look at what these specialists do and when you should consider seeing one. 90003 90002 These specialists primarily diagnose and treat GI diseases in both men and women. 90003 90002 They perform endoscopic procedures, in which they use specialized instruments to view the GI tract and make a diagnosis.They do not perform surgery. In some cases, they may work closely with a GI surgeon. They primarily work in clinic or hospital settings. 90003 90002 The GI system: 90003 90010 90011 digests and moves food 90012 90011 absorbs nutrients 90012 90011 removes waste from your body 90012 90017 90002 Gastroenterologists can treat any part of this system. 90003 90002 Although the GI system includes the mouth, these specialists generally do not provide care or services here. Instead, dentists and dental specialists focus on the health of the oral cavity.90003 90002 Other parts of the GI system include the: 90003 90010 90011 pharynx 90012 90011 esophagus 90012 90011 stomach 90012 90011 small intestine 90012 90011 large intestine 90012 90011 liver 90012 90011 gallbladder 90012 90011 pancreas 90012 90011 salivary glands 90012 90011 tongue 90012 90011 epiglottis 90012 90011 rectum 90012 90011 anus 90012 90017 90002 Proctologists also treat diseases of the rectum and anus. 90003 90002 Gastroenterology is a specialized area of ββmedicine that focuses on the GI tract.Some gastroenterologists treat general diseases of the GI. Others focus on a particular type of gastroenterology. 90003 90002 Some possible areas of emphasis are: 90003 90010 90011 hepatology, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas 90012 90011 pancreatic disease 90012 90011 transplantation 90012 90011 inflammatory bowel disease, or chronic inflammation of your digestive tract 90012 90011 gastrointestinal cancer 90012 90011 endoscopic surveillance 90012 90011 reflux esophagitis, which is commonly due to gastroesophageal reflux disease 90012 90017 90002 To become a gastroenterologist, you must earn a four-year college degree.Afterward, you have to complete four years of medical school. After graduating from medical school, you need to complete a three-year training program, called a residency, in internal medicine. During this time, you work alongside experienced gastroenterologists and receive professional mentorship. 90003 90002 After you complete your residency, you must complete a two- or three-year fellowship to receive more specialized training in this field. This includes training in endoscopy, which is a nonsurgical procedure doctors use to examine the GI tract.90003 90002 Once you’ve completed your training, you must pass a specialty certification exam for gastroenterologists. The American Board of Internal Medicine certifies you upon successful completion of the exam. 90003 90002 These specialists treat a number of conditions affecting the GI system. This can include: 90003 90010 90011 acid reflux 90012 90011 ulcers 90012 90011 IBS 90012 90011 hepatitis C 90012 90011 polyps, or growths, which typically occur in the large intestine 90012 90011 jaundice, or a yellowing of the skin 90012 90011 hemorrhoids 90012 90011 bloody stool 90012 90011 pancreatitis, or a rare disease causing inflammation of the pancreas 90012 90011 colon cancer 90012 90017 90002 These specialists perform a range of nonsurgical procedures.This can include: 90003 90010 90011 endoscopic ultrasounds to examine the upper and lower GI tract, as well as other internal organs 90012 90011 colonoscopies to detect colon cancer or colon polyps 90012 90011 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to identify gallstones, tumors, or scar tissue in the bile duct area 90012 90011 sigmoidoscopies to evaluate blood loss or pain in the bowel 90012 90011 liver biopsies to assess inflammation and fibrosis 90012 90011 capsule endoscopies to examine the small intestine 90012 90011 double balloon enteroscopies to examine the small intestine 90012 90017 90002 Your primary care doctor may refer you to this specialist if you: 90003 90010 90011 have unexplained blood in your stool 90012 90011 have unexplained difficulty swallowing 90012 90011 are experiencing abdominal pain 90012 90017 90002 If you’re over the age of 50, you may also want to meet with a gastroenterologist for preventive care.Men and women over the age of 50 have an increased risk for colon cancer. 90003 90002 If you’re in this age group, you should get screened regularly. If you have a relative with colon cancer, you should ask your doctor about when to start getting screenings. 90003.90000 What is a Gastroenterologist? (With pictures) 90001 90002 A gastroenterologist is a doctor who specializes in treating the digestive system. When patients experience problems with the gallbladder, stomach, intestines, or pancreas, they often visit a gastroenterologist in order to receive medical treatment. People who wish to go into this career field are required to complete four years of medical school plus a three-year internal medicine residency.They must then successfully complete a two- to four-year fellowship in this field. 90003 90004 Gastroenterologists often use endoscopies to examine internal organs. 90002 A fellowship in this particular field is an intensive program where a prospective gastroenterologist learns from experienced doctors specializing in problems of the digestive tract.Under the supervision of experienced gastroenterologists, the future specialist learns how to diagnose digestive diseases, treat a variety of medical problems, and teach patients how to prevent digestive diseases. 90003 90007 A gastroenterologist will be able to treat common ailments like irritable bowel syndrome.90002 After completing a fellowship, the future gastroenterologist is considered 90009 board eligible. 90010 This means that the physician can take a gastroenterology board certification test. The test is administered by the American Board of Internal Medicine.Upon passing the exam, the physician becomes a 90009 board certified 90010 gastroenterologist. 90003 90002 Want to automatically save time and money month? Take a 2-minute quiz to find out how you can start saving up to $ 257 / month. 90003 90016 A CT scan with barium sulfate, known as a barium swallow, is a common test given by gastroenterologists.90002 Gastroenterologists must understand how the body digests food, how it absorbs nutrients, and how wastes are removed from the system. They are required to treat common ailments such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gallbladder disease, ulcers, cancer, colitis, colon polyps, heartburn, and other conditions linked to the digestive system.90003 90019 A gastroenterologist may use an ultrasound to investigate gallbladder disease. 90002 Patients of a gastroenterologist may sometimes have to submit to tests designed to examine the organs of the digestive tract.Two common tests used are the endoscopy and the colonoscopy. An endoscopy is a procedure that uses a long, flexible tube. A tiny video camera and light is attached to the tube. The gastroenterologist then guides the tube inside the upper digestive system in order to conduct a thorough examination. 90003 90022 Several abdominal organs, including the pancreas and gallbladder.90002 A colonoscopy is used by the doctor in order to examine the interior of the large intestine. It is commonly used to diagnose colorectal cancer. The doctor uses a colonoscope, a long, flexible tube with a video camera and light attached. By using this instrument, the gastroenterologist can study the colon and rectum.The instrument allows the doctor to check for the presence of cancer, polyps, or inflammation. 90003 90025 Gastroenterologists often treat common ailments, such as colon polyps. 90002 Other tests used by this type of doctor include newer procedures such as a capsule endoscopy or CT colonography.A capsule endoscopy requires that the patient swallows a tiny camera so that pictures can be taken of the GI tract. A CT colonography permits the doctor to study radiological images of the patient’s colon in order to screen for cancer or polyps. 90003 90028 Gastroenterologists are capable of treating diseases of the digestive tract.90029 A gastroenterologist may be called upon to treat an ulcer. 90030 Heartburn is one common ailment treated by a gastroenterologist..90000 What is Gastroenterologist and Gastroenterology? 90001 90002 There are so many variants in the field of medicine, and each one is different than the others. Some focus on common issues of the human body and anatomy, while others focus on the peculiar ones. We would be taking a peek inside one of these so-called medical conditions that are suffered mostly in our digestive systems. It has been observed and analyzed through multiple surveys that over 70% of the people around the world face problems with respect to GI or in simple terms called Gastrointestinal discomfort.90003 90002 The centre of attention in this article would be complete surveillance of Gastroenterology which throws some light on this condition as a whole. Also, we would be taking a look at the specialists who treat these problems; they are called Gastroenterologists. Let us dive deep into the inner working of the disease and what do these specialists focus on whilst caring for those afflicted by it. 90003 90002 90003 90008 90009 Gastroenterologist — What is Gastroenterologist and what do they do? 90010 90011 90002 A gastroenterologist is a specialist physician who has a detailed knowledge of the inner functionalities of the digestive system of the body.They also take special care in identifying and thereby curing the diseases based on this. Primarily they focus on what is called the Gastrointestinal Tract which is also called the digestive tract or an alimentary canal that plays a vital role in breaking down the food items that go through it. It also absorbs all the nutritional qualities of the food thus giving the body the required amount of energy. 90003 90002 A gastroenterologist would treat the diseases based on these GI tracts on both men and women.They also play an important role in carrying out the endoscopic procedure which lets them observe these tracts with closer attention and an accurate viewpoint. For this, they would be using some top-grade instruments to make their assumptions clear on what could be the possible symptoms. In some cases, they would be taking some assistance of a G.I. surgeon who works at a local level in private hospitals. 90003 90002 Gastroenterologists have an end to end understanding of how the food moves inside our body, then through to the digestive tracts.What happens later is the physical and chemical breakdown of food which is termed as the digestion process in layman’s terms. Some of the important areas where these specialists especially focus on include, 90003 90018 90019 90020 Tongue 90021 90022 90019 90020 Pharynx 90021 90022 90019 90020 Oesophagus 90021 90022 90019 90020 Stomach 90021 90022 90019 90020 Small Intestine 90021 90022 90019 90020 Large Intestine 90021 90022 90019 90020 Liver 90021 90022 90019 90020 Gall Bladder 90021 90022 90019 90020 Pancreas and its surrounding areas.90021 90022 90019 90020 Salivary Glands 90021 90022 90019 90020 Epiglottis 90021 90022 90019 90020 Rectum 90021 90022 90019 90020 Anus 90021 90022 90071 90002 The order is designed with respect to the 90009 flow of food 90010 and the section wise breakdown that happens from the pharynx to anus . 90003 90002 Let us know to understand certain key points with respect to the disease in question. 90003 90002 90003 90008 90009 Gastroenterology -An Understanding 90010 90011 90002 Gastroenterology is basically defined as an exclusive study of the normal functioning and diseases which affect the gastrointestinal tract.This body of medicine has multiple variants as well, which also concludes the fact that they either treat a generalized version of the disease or a specific version of it. The study mainly focuses on problems concerning, bile ducts, small intestine, colon and rectum, and liver as well. 90003 90002 Some of the vital areas which should be focused on, and what might be called as the effects of the disease are as follows, 90003 90088 90009 1) Pancreatic Diseases: 90010 90091 90002 This includes inflammation of the pancreas in your body.The causes could be chronic or basically due to gallstones as well. 90003 90088 90009 2) Hepatology: 90010 90091 90002 This condition basically includes the study of liver-based ailments, the biliary tree — which directs the liver secretions, the gallbladder, and the pancreas. Any and all kinds of disorders focused on these areas come under the purview of hepatology. 90003 90088 90009 3) Transplantation 90010 90091 90088 90009 4) Inflammatory bowel disease: 90010 90091 90002 The person’s digestive tracts feel as if on fire.It is also classified under Crohn’s disease which inflames the linings of the gastrointestinal tracts OR it is also called the Ulcerative Colitis. The effects are generally similar. 90003 90088 90009 5) Gastrointestinal Cancer: 90010 90091 90002 In this condition, the person’s gastrointestinal tract progressively worsens over time, and this can even affect the assisting digestion-based organs. Some of the initial symptoms might include difficulty in ingesting food and even excretion issues. 90003 90088 90009 6) Reflux Esophagitis: 90010 90091 90002 As the name suggests, this condition mainly takes place due to the inflammation esophagus, which is termed as the body part that runs from the throat to the stomach.In technical terms, it is referred to as the GERD or the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Some symptoms might include chest pains, and difficulty in swallowing food. 90003 90002 90003 90008 90009 Education Qualifications Required to Be Gastroenterologist in India 90010 90011 90002 There are some vital educational requirements that need to be fulfilled for a veteran gastroenterologist and we would be looking at a tabulated format for the same as given below 90003 90130 90131 90132 90133 90009 Requirements 90010 90136 90133 90009 Mandates 90010 90136 90141 90132 90133 90009 Degree Level 90010 90136 90133 Candidates that have opted for PCB (M) in their secondary level need to appear in Medical Tests for MBBS.Post which the candidate would be doing the, 90002 — MBBS degree for the duration of 5.5 years. 90003 90002 — 2 years MD in Medicine. 90003 90002 — 3 years of DM in Gastroenterology. 90003 90136 90141 90132 90133 90009 Key Skills 90010 90136 90133 Imperative to have strong communication and vocabulary skills, along with organizational skills, problem-solving capabilities, and attention to detail as well. 90002 It is also important for the specialist to be patient and have the empathy to whom he cares for.He / She must also have expertise in medical applications whichever present and is the best. Should also be familiar with all the other medical equipment like defibrillators, forceps, surgical clamps, etc. and so on. 90003 90136 90141 90132 90133 90009 Salary 90010 90136 90133 In Government Sectors, the expected salary would be 40,000 βΉ to 50,000 βΉ per month, based on the total amount of experience. Corporate sector specialists can expect a good amount of salary range starting from 60,000 βΉ to 80,000 βΉ per month.90136 90141 90132 90133 90009 Job Outlook 90010 90136 90133 You can easily get jobs in the Government and Private sectors with minimal issues. You can enter private and reputed institutions like the AIIMS. They can even start their own practice through their own private clinics as well. 90136 90141 90182 90183 90002 90003 90002 90003 90008 90009 Conditions treated by Gastroenterologists 90010 90011 90002 The conditions that come bundled up with Gastroenterology can range from minimal to fatal, and every specialist should be keeping this thing in mind when it comes to this.90003 90002 Let us take a look at some of the conditions that they treat, 90003 90088 90009 Acid Reflux 90010 90091 90002 This is basically a digestive disease that takes place in your stomach owing to irritation caused by acidic bile in the linings of your food pipe . 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Ulcers 90010 90091 90002 A sore condition that is irritating at best if it needs to be described. It takes place on the linings of your esophagus, in the stomach or in the small intestines.90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Irritable Bowel Syndrome 90010 90091 90002 IBS is an intestinal disorder that would result in uncontrollable stomach pain, diarrhea like conditions, and even constipation. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Hepatitis C 90010 90091 90002 This is a virus infection that mainly attacks the liver and in time it would result in increased amounts of inflammation. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Polyps 90010 90091 90002 These are tissue growths mainly seen in the abdomen that normally look like stalks of mushroom.These conditions can occur mainly in your rectum, sinuses or in the uterus as well. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Jaundice 90010 90091 90002 Yellow tints occur in the eyes and skin owing to excessive amounts of bilirubin, which is created when during the RBC breakdown. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Piles 90010 90091 90002 Technically also called hemorrhoids and caused owing to swollen veins present in the rectum. It eventually results in unbearable pain and bleeding. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Bloody Stools 90010 90091 90002 Erratic bowel movements ultimately leading to bleeding problems.Many other conditions are caused because of this. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Pancreatitis 90010 90091 90002 This results in the swollen pancreas which can start suddenly, and there is no time period as to when it would end. 90003 90002 90003 90088 90009 Colon Cancer 90010 90091 90002 This can be defined as the cancerous conditions in the person’s colon or rectum situated at the lower end of the gastroenteritis tract. 90003 90002 90009 90010 90003 90008 90009 Methodologies or Procedures followed by Gastroenterologists 90010 90011 90002 There are a couple of things that are checked by these specialists thoroughly.Let’s take a look at some of the procedural steps followed by them, 90003 90088 90009 1) Endoscopic Ultrasound — 90010 90091 90002 EUS is a procedure that is used to check the gastrointestinal and lung-based diseases. It uses high-frequency waves generated by an endoscope which gives detailed emphasis on the linings of the gastrointestinal tract. 90003 90088 90009 2) Colonoscopy — 90010 90091 90002 This includes the examination of the large intestine for causes of any threats which might prove fatal in the near future.This also includes endoscopic examination thereby checking the bowel movements, whether they are normal or not. 90003 90088 90009 3) Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography — 90010 90091 90002 This is a combination of endoscopy and fluoroscopy for treating all kinds of pancreatic problems. Fluoroscopy makes the use of X-Rays to obtain medical images in real time to understand the inner workings of your body, especially pancreas in this case. 90003 90088 90009 4) Sigmoidoscopy — 90010 90091 90002 The procedure involves careful inspection of the large intestine from the rectum and through to the colon, especially the sigmoid colon.90003 90088 90009 5) Liver Biopsy — 90010 90091 90002 A needle will be inserted into the liver and some tissue samples will be collected for assessing and thereby diagnosing any possible liver conditions. 90003 90088 90009 6) Capsule Endoscopy — 90010 90091 90002 This procedure also comes under the ambit of Medical Imaging. This is used to record the internal images of the digestive tract which can be further utilized for medical diagnosis. A small capsule which is similar to that ofa camera is used for the same.90003 90088 90009 7) Double Balloon Enteroscopy — 90010 90091 90002 This methodology is used for any kind of issues found in the small intestines. Endoscopic treatment is carried out for the same for a thorough examination. 90003.